Renting vs. buying a home

Scenario. A $450,000 home with 20% down versus renting a comparable place for $2,200/month. Both paths deploy the same upfront cash; the renter invests it and the monthly difference. Use the calculator to set appreciation, rent inflation, and investment-return assumptions to your own view.

Representative scenario — run your own numbers with the linked calculators.
Keep renting, invest the difference Buy the home
Upfront cash (down + closing) Invested $103,500
Starting monthly housing cost $2,200 $2,337 P&I + taxes, insurance, upkeep
Cost that builds equity None Principal portion of each payment
Exposure to home prices None Full — gain or loss on sale
Typical break-even to buy About 4–6 years

Run “Keep renting, invest the difference” → · Run “Buy the home” →

Transaction costs set the floor

Buying costs roughly 2–5% of the price to get in and 6–8% to get out (agent commissions, transfer taxes, title). That 8–13% round trip is why buying and selling within a couple of years almost always loses to renting: appreciation has to overcome those costs before you are even. Over five to ten years, ongoing rent inflation and principal paydown usually tip it the other way.

What actually drives the answer

  • How long you stay — the single biggest factor. Short stays favour renting; long stays favour buying.
  • The rent-to-price ratio in your market — a $450,000 home renting for $1,800 is a very different calculation than one renting for $3,000.
  • What the renter does with the difference — the comparison only holds if that money is genuinely invested, not spent.
  • Appreciation and investment returns — both are assumptions, and small changes swing the result. Be honest, not optimistic, on both.

Frequently asked questions

How many years until buying beats renting?
Commonly four to six years, but it depends heavily on your market's rent-to-price ratio, your assumptions for appreciation and investment returns, and how much you pay in transaction costs. Run your own numbers.
Is renting throwing money away?
No. Renting buys you housing and flexibility with no transaction costs and no exposure to home-price risk. Ownership also has large non-equity costs — interest, taxes, insurance, upkeep — that build no wealth.
Does a bigger down payment change the rent-vs-buy answer?
It lowers the monthly payment and removes PMI, but it also ties up more cash that could have been invested. In a fair comparison the renter invests that same cash, so the effect is smaller than it looks.

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Terms: Home equity , Closing costs , Principal

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